Clinical research happens to be a multi-disciplinary, multi-billion, multinational industry that is rapidly budding in various parts of the world. It mainly deals with systematic trial of new medicines that are sometimes conducted on humans for testing the efficacy and safety of these medicines. It is that branch of medical science that relates itself with the effectiveness and safety of medications, diagnostic products, equipment, and treatment courses that are to be used for human treatments. The clinical research organization in India is mainly dedicated to this task and has been pretty active in recent years.
As per Drug Development segment of all major CROs of India, the clinical research trials are mainly done for prevention Cheap Fjallraven Kanken Classic , diagnosis, relief, or treatment of specific symptoms of several diseases. The process takes place mainly in four phases. However, before a drug is tested on humans it is first tested in laboratories. The first phase then consists of testing of drug over some healthy individuals. The researchers mainly choose a group of 20-80 people to test the safety tolerance. Pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of the drug.
In the second stage, the treatment or the medication is given to larger group of people like 100-300 individuals to see its effectiveness. It is to be noted that the second phase is initiated only when the results from first phase are confirmed. It mainly helps in assessing how efficiently the drug effects its subjects and see the safety range of its dosage. In the third phase, the group extends to 1000-5000 people to see how it effects larger diversity of gene pools and add more safety data to its reports. And in the last phase which is also called as post-marketing surveillance Cheap Fjallraven Kanken Big , the safety surveillance takes place and once the permission for trade is obtained technical support is sought. The last phase is extended to rather a much expanded group of people. The trials may occur only when FDA has approved the drug for common use.
There are lots and lots of career opportunities for researchers and science grads in this field. You can always pursue jobs in various high level labs, for e.g., the Core laboratory India , or get into technical support like medical imaging services in clinical trials, etc. In India alone, there are around 360 small and big CROs that are currently operational in Bangalore, Hyderabad Cheap Fjallraven Kanken Mini , Gurgaon, Delhi, as well Mumbai. It is an independent industry which has its own norms and regulations. There are several pharmaceutical companies in India which have their own CROs established in the zones.
For More Info:- Clinical research organisation in India
What is CT SCAN?
A computerized tomography (CT) or computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan combines data from several X-rays to produce a detailed image of structures inside the body.
Computerized (or computed) tomography, and often formerly referred to as computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan, is an X-ray procedure that combines many X-ray images with the aid of a computer to generate cross-sectional views and, if needed, three-dimensional images of the internal organs and structures of the body.
Computerized tomography is more commonly known by its abbreviated names Cheap Kanken Backpack , CT scan or CAT scan. A CT scan is used to define normal and abnormal structures in the body andor assist in procedures by helping to accurately guide the placement of instruments or treatments.
CT scans produce 2-dimensional images of a "slice" or section of the body, but the data can also be used to construct 3-dimensional images. A CT scan can be compared to looking at one slice of bread within a whole loaf.
This data is transmitted to a computer, which builds up a 3-D cross-sectional picture of the part of the body and displays it on the screen.
Sometimes, a contrast dye is used because it can help show certain structures more clearly.
For instance, if a 3-D image of the abdomen is required, the patient may have to drink a barium meal. The barium appears white on the scan as it travels through the digestive system.
Why CT SCAN is done?
CT Scan is often the preferred way of diagnosing many cancers, such as liver Cheap Fjallraven Kanken Backpack , lung, and pancreatic cancers.
The image allows a doctor to confirm the presence and location of a tumor, its size, and how much it has affected nearby tissue.
A CT scan of the head can provide important information about the brain, for instance, if there is any bleeding, swelling of the arteries Cheap Fjallraven Backpack , or a tumor.
A CT scan can reveal a tumor in the abdomen, and any swelling or inflammation in nearby internal organs. It can show any lacerations of the spleen, kidneys, or liver.
As a CT scan detects abnormal tissue, it is useful for planning areas for radiotherapy and biopsies, and it can provide valuable data on blood flow and other vascular conditions.
It can help a doctor assess bone diseases, bone density Cheap Fjallraven Kanken , and the state of the patient's spine.
It can also provide vital data about injuries to a patient's hands, feet, and other skeletal structures. Even small bones are clearly visible, as well as their surrounding tissue.
Procedure
The patient may need to abstain from food, and possibly drink, for a specific period before the scan.
The entire procedure, which includes set-up Cheap Fjallraven , the scan itself, checking the pictures, and removing the IV if needed, takes 15 to 45 minutes depending on what part of the body is being scanned.
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